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By William on December 31
How Diamox Can Help You Reach the Summit
Is it worth the while to take Diamox on a climb as a measure against altitude sickness? What is the optimal dose, are there any contraindications and how severe the side effects are: to find it out, read this feature on Diamox. It was written based on the results of clinical research and years-long experience of our company’s Kilimanjaro climbing.
Altitude Sickness
When rapidly gaining a considerable altitude, an unprepared person begins to experience discomfort associated with a lack of inhaled oxygen. This condition depends on many external factors and individual body reactions. Unless you have climbing experience and vast knowledge of your body’s condition, no one can predict how you are going to feel on a Kilimanjaro trek.
Altitude sickness is a completely normal phenomenon indicating that your body adapts to the changing conditions. It can range in severity from a slight discomfort such as dizziness, slight shortness of breath or palpitations to serious ailments requiring immediate evacuation and medical attention. The most severe form is known as acute altitude sickness combined with both pulmonary and cerebral edema.
The traits of oxygen deficiency in some individuals may appear already at an altitude of 6,561 ft (2,000 meters), although most often the first sensations are recorded at an altitude of 9842 ft (3,000 meters) and higher. For example, one of the most popular routes on Kilimanjaro called Lemosho, actually starts at an altitude of 11,482 ft (3,500 meters) following an altitude drop–off by transport closer to the first camp. So you can feel the first impact during the next few hours after the start.
In most cases, up to ca. 13,123 ft (4,000 meters), a body is able to adapt on its own and rearrange the respiratory system to compensate for the lack of oxygen in the air. Another thing is that there is not always enough time for this during the climb because the number of days is limited. Above 13,123 ft (4,000m), the organism most often needs assistance expressed as deliberate actions: regulating the rate of movement, frequent rest, drinking more water and careful monitoring of the state of health. You can also take prophylactic drugs, such as Diamox
Helping Your Body to Acclimate
The most effective way to fight altitude sickness during climbing is smooth step-by-step acclimatization, which can be ensured through a long trek to the Kilimanjaro top – seven days is the recommended duration. The ideal route is to make a short ascent of a few hundred meters Studies have shown that the optimal altitude gain in one day is in the range of 980-1,968 ft (300-600 meters).during the day and spend the night at the lowest ascent point. Treks in the afternoon are good for smooth acclimatization: the climbers, having already overcome the day part of the route, walk a short distance at the same altitude or climb somewhat higher, and then descend to the camp before the night rest.
At night, during sleep, the body adapts to the new conditions. Breathing may be interrupted for a short time. This is an unpleasant but common phenomenon. It is caused by a decrease in the carbon dioxide level in the body which the brain perceives as a signal to decrease the rate of breathing in order to accumulate the usual amount of CO₂. After holding a breath for a few seconds, a person wakes up feeling as if suffocating. This is one of the signs of the body’s readjustment to altitude conditions.
It is also important to pay close attention to how you feel during daytime climbing, to find the best pace for you and immediately react to the body’s signals: labored breathing, a slight tingling in the chest, dizziness, deterioration of vision. The appropriate reaction is to stop or even to sit down, normalize your breathing, have a rest, and continue moving, slowing down to a comfortable speed. Moderate pace during day ascents and gradual acclimatization with enough nights on the hike guarantee your successful summit of Kilimanjaro. For this reason, we recommend long climbing programs of 7 days and more. Those climbing programs have the highest success rate.
The condition of your body before and during the climb contributes greatly to your success. Here is what defines your successful ascent: you should sleep well and sufficiently; you should not be under stress, and you should avoid alcohol. During the ascent, you need to drink more water than usual, eat on schedule and according to the high-carbohydrate mountain diet, have the necessary clothes and shoes not to get too cold or wet, and protect yourself from the increased sun in the mountains.
Finally, pharmacological support for the body is a way to go: you can take Diamox tablets as preventive medicine. Based on many years of experience and supporting conclusions of actual studies, See the following entries for reference:
1) peer-reviewed journal of Wilderness Medical Society
2) CDC web site
3) Great Britains’s National Health Service site
4) ResearchGate
we recommend climbers to take Diamox during their trek to the Kilimanjaro summit.
What Is Diamox
Acetazolamide is distributed under the trade name of Diamox. The drug is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, or in other words, an agent preventing the operation of ferments binding carbon dioxide with water during breathing. Thus Diamox reduces the level of carbonic acid and slows down the CO₂ consumption to level out the acid-base balance.
Acetazolamide, the active substance of the drug, is by default a diuretic. The more frequent urge to visit toilet during the ascent to Kilimanjaro is absolutely normal. This may be caused not only by the intake of Diamox but also by increased consumption of water. We remind you that increased consumption of water during mountain trekking is recommended: you should drink not less than 4 liters of water per day.
Diamox is prescribed for the treatment of cerebral edema and glaucoma, as well as other diseases and conditions, including the treatment of altitude sickness. Among the manufacturers’ recommendations, there is also a prophylactic use against the development of altitude sickness.
When and How Much to Take
Diamox may be used for prophylaxis according to two schemes: when symptoms of altitude sickness appear and until they subside, or before the beginning of ascent and until its completion. The decision about prophylactic use should be made by each climber independently. Most often it depends on the general attitude to drugs dividing people into two types: “Better safe than sorry: a couple of pills will not make you worse” and “Let my body cope by itself, I will take pills as a last resort”.
Let’s refer to the recommendations of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or CDCs, are the U.S. national public health institutions that participate in health programs around the world. We refer to the CDC because it has the most open and comprehensive data on infectious and chronic diseases in various countries, as well as evidence-based recommendations.Diamox prophylaxis Detailed recommendations for prophylactic Diamox intake from the CDC are as follows.
Prophylactic use of Diamox is beneficial for all people climbing 9,186 ft (2,800 meters) or more in one day and also when climbing more than 1,640 ft (500 meters) per day above 9,842 ft (3,000 meters) with an additional acclimatization day for every 3,280 (1,000 meters).
It is highly recommended to use Diampx for prophylaxis to all those ascending in one day to an altitude of 11,482 ft (3,500 meters) or more, as well as when climbing 1,640 ft (500 meters) or more in one day at an altitude above 9,842 ft (3,000 meters), in the absence of additional days for acclimatization.for altitude sickness is indicated for anyone who climbs more than 1,640 ft (500 meters) in one day. Separately, in the case of climbing Mount Kilimanjaro in less than 7 days, The majority of popular routes for climbing Kilimanjaro ensure an ascent to the peak in about 8 days.taking Diamox for prophylaxis is strongly recommended.
If you are not allergic to Diamox, we recommend taking 125 mg of Diamox in the morning before your ascent to Kilimanjaro and then 125 mg twice a day, every afternoon and morning, during the entire ascent. All Williamson Adventures guides have a stock of the drug for all climbers in their first-aid kits, and daily, during the mandatory morning and evening medical check-ups, offer it to climbers. The drug is included in the price of expeditions and does not incur additional expenses.
There is a low percentage of allergic reactions to the sulfonamide components of the drug. To find out if you are allergic to them, please consult your physician.
There is some debate about the dosage among high-altitude medicine practitioners. Still, the optimal recommendation is 125 mg of Diamox twice a day, in the morning and in the afternoon. Clinical studies have shown that an increased dosage to 500 mg per day, 250 mg per dose, is also effective for the prevention of acute altitude sickness. This increased dose is recommended for people whose body weight exceeds 80 kg. Doses above 500 mg per day are used for treatment.
Does Diamox Have Side Effects?
As with any drug, Diamox has several side effects of varying severity and varying degrees of investigation.
First of all, it should be noted that Diamox acts as a diuretic. It is perfectly normal if you go to the restroom more often during the days of taking the pills, although it does not always manifest itself and not with everyone. Also, the registered side effects include a slight tingling sensation on the skin.
All other side effects indicated for the drug are either rare or unconfirmed. Drug manufacturers have to list them as a safety precaution.
The most common fear related to the use of Diamox is the fear of digestive system disorders. Side effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and melena are clinically described as “infrequent”. In practice, we do not observe their prevalence among climbers. Let us remind you that more than 3,000 people climb Kilimanjaro every year with Williamson Adventures.
The connection between many side effects of the drug and its use is poorly proven. It should be remembered that at high and extreme altitudes, These range from 4,921 ft (1,500 m) and 18,044 ft (5,500 m) above sea level. Altitudes above 5,500 meters are considered extreme. The height of the main peak of Kilimanjaro is 19,340 ft (5895 meters).the effects of altitude sickness develop. The body experiences stress, and while it adapts it changes its reactions, including digestive effects, such as loss of appetite and indigestion. Unfortunately, this cannot be regulated with regular medications. So the connection of these and other effects directly with the use of Diamox is not obvious. In any case, the use of the drug is to help the body in its adaptation to the altitude and overcome the altitude stress.
Who Should Not Take Diamox
In addition to an allergic reaction to the sulfonamide components, there are several direct contraindications to the use of Diamox. First of all, this applies to people with kidney disease, liver disease, and chronic or severe lung disease. Taking Diamox is contraindicated in cases of sodium and potassium metabolism disorders, as well as metabolic acidosis, diabetes and some other deviations from the norm.
If you have the opportunity to consult your physician about the use of Diamox in advance, it is highly recommended to do so.
It is also not recommended to take Diamox together with aspirin. This drug is also not recommended for pregnant women.
Summary
Diamox has the best renommee among all studied drugs for the prevention of altitude sickness and is recommended as a matter of priority according to clinical studies.
The optimal dosage for the prevention of altitude sickness is 250 mg per day, 125 mg in the morning and in the afternoon. It is acceptable to increase the dose to 500 mg per day.
Possible side effects in the absence of contraindications are insignificant compared to possible manifestations of altitude sickness.
Diamox is also used in the treatment of developed altitude sickness.
As a final reminder, when climbing Kilimanjaro, it is vital to feel well and have a pleasant experience. After all, we go to the summit for satisfaction and pleasure, not for suffering. If Diamox helps you achieve this goal without harming, its preventive use is fully justified.
Have an easy ascent!
William is a Tanzanian Safari and Kilimanjaro expert motivated to write about his Safari and Kilimanjaro Trekking experience because of his passion for adventures. Through his stories and articles, William sought to inspire others to experience the thrill of adventure and to appreciate the beauty of Africa around them.
LCF201309072023-08-307-Day Migration Safari with Williamson: A Once-in-a-Lifetime Experience! My friend and I had a 7-day migration safari (River Crossing) with Williamson Adventures exceeded our expectations. The captivating sights of wildebeest herds were absolutely breathtaking, a true testament to the wonders of nature. Our knowledgeable guide Raymond made the experience even more remarkable with his deep understanding of the wildlife and their behaviors. The seamless combination of the safari with a day trip to Materuni Waterfall and Coffee Tour added a perfect touch of cultural immersion. The lush greenery and the thundering waterfall were a sight to behold, and the coffee tour was enlightening. Williamson's team orchestrated a flawless journey, ensuring comfort and safety throughout. This safari was a life-changing experience, and I'm incredibly grateful to William and his team for making it so exceptional.
Vi_X2023-08-30Unforgettable experience in Tanzania The Ultimate Tanzanian Safari and Cultural Experience! I can't thank Williamson enough for the incredible 7-day migration safari adventure. Witnessing the Great Migration in person was an awe-inspiring spectacle, and Raymond Our Guide added an educational layer that deepened our appreciation. His passion for wildlife is contagious! The highlight was coupling this safari with a day trip to Materuni Waterfall and Coffee Tour. The waterfall's beauty left us speechless, and the coffee tour was a delightful insight into the local culture. The Accommodation during our safari experience was top notch, thank you William for organizing our trip and his team was amazing! I am going to miss Tanzania ❤️ # one of my best trip ever # amazing travel experiences # lots laughs & fun during the trip # unforgettable moments
Edson B2023-07-23Incredible Safari in Tanzania We did a 5 day Incredible honeymoon safari with Williamson Adventures , we were researching good company for our safari It is our luck to go with them the communication was smooth, we exchanged so many texts until we reached the conclusion . The guide Allan was knowledgeable who knows alot about animals and plants his driving skill was exceptional on the rough road on the way to Serengeti national park , The accommodations were good during our safari we will recommend Williamson Adventures to our family and friends .
Juliane P2023-07-21Kilimanjaro 6 days Machame route My dad and I booked the Kilimanjaro 6 days Machame route and since the first contact with William I received all the information and help that we need and our conversation was easy. Our team at the Kilimanjaro hike was really friendly and helpful and our guides were perfect with us! Cannot recommend more I and have no words to thank enough all the team.
Ellen Karin R2023-03-19Er du interessert i fugleliv såvel som dyreliv prøver du Williamssons adventures med Ian som guide Er du interessert i fugleliv i tillegg til dyreliv bør du be om å få Ian som guide. Han var kunnskapsrik om både fugler, dyr, fauna og stoppa opp på alle henstillinger og svarte tålmodig på alle spørsmål. Ian var også ein flink sjåfør. Vi var i alle nasjonalparkene, Tarangire, Serengeti, Manyara og Ngorogoro conservation area. Vi var på en fire dagers safari, og lunsjboksene, frokostene og middagene var fantastiske. Likeså med overnattingsstedene. Vi ble tatt vel i mot og tatt vare på. Denne safari er ett minne for livet, og kan anbefales på det sterkeste. I tillegg til kjempemange fugler og dyr fikk vi også sett alle fem store????
Jessica D2023-02-06Perfect Kilimanjaro trek, perfect safari, perfect Guide From the first day of emailing Williamson Adventures for a safari and Kilimanjaro quote we were answered in professional way with full of information about the tour in Tanzania.The Director William was helpful and well organized our Kilimanjaro trek and 5 days safari , we started hiking for 6 days machame , the team was very helpful and the porter were strong and friends they really supported us to carry our luggages and guide was very professional especially during the summit day we really appreciate them . After safari we went to safari where we saw many animals excluding rhino because the guide explained that they're now endangered sometimes it's hard to spot them although it was good experience, the food good and accommodation was superb with high comfortability. Thanks Williamson Adventures for making our trip unforgettable
Norbet h2023-02-02Kilimanjaro Climb Experience! My husband and I booked 7 days Machame route Kilimanjaro mountain climb with Williamson adventures, we liked the experience from the day we started hiking up to last day at mweka camp. The tour was very organized and the team was extremely friendly . During the summit Day it's was really challenging for me but the guide and porter was really helpful and fun to be around , the food was delicious and plentiful so we really appreciate our chef , the tent were top quality and brand new so we slept in comfortable tents . I really recommend Mr William to arrange your Kilimanjaro mountain trekking if you wish to make it to the top of Kilimanjaro mountain. Best wishes from USA
Christensen H2023-01-31Unforgettable safari in Tanzania My Safari experience in Tanzania with Williamson adventures was really good since from the day we emailed them they were very cooperative , we had 8 days safari in Tanzania with them the guide was very detailed about Flora and fauna of Tanzania national park, I really liked Serengeti and Ngorongoro Crater the most because of its scenic views and abundant of Animals, we managed to see all the big 5 during safari, the accommodations was nice and clean, we really thanks this company for making our journey in Tanzania unforgettable
Hannah P2023-01-29Best Wildlife Safari I did a 7-day safari in Tanzania and it was an unforgettable experience. The tour guide was knowledgeable about the wildlife, making each game drive a learning adventure. From the endless plain Serengeti to the Ngorongoro Crater, every stop was awe-inspiring. The accommodations and food were good and provided the perfect balance of comfort and immersion in nature. I would highly recommend to Williamson to plan your safari in tanzania . Thanks Williamson Adventurures for the nice hospitality
willegamba942023-01-257 day Kilimanjaro Climb Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro 7 days Lemosho was an experience of a lifetime. The trek to the summit was challenging, but the breathtaking views and sense of accomplishment made it all worth it. The scenery was absolutely stunning, from the lush rainforest at the base to the barren, lunar-like landscape at the summit. The guides were knowledgeable and supportive, and the porters were incredibly helpful in carrying our gear. The final summit push was grueling, but the sunrise from the top was truly unforgettable. Despite the physical demands, I would highly recommend Williamson Adventures for Kilimanjaro climb to anyone looking for a once-in-a-lifetime adventure. The sense of camaraderie among the climbers, the challenge of reaching the summit and the stunning beauty of the mountain made it an experience I will never forget.
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